It's not a large broadcast type treatment but is used for treating small outbreaks of bentgrass and other listed grasses and weeds. of the herbicides activity; however, the terms site of action and mode of action 0000003549 00000 n Must be used with a surfactant. Mesotrione is a systemic pre- and post-emergence herbicide for the selective contact and residual control of broadleaf weeds in field corn, seed corn, yellow popcorn and sweet corn. on a weed population and may eventually select for resistant individuals. 0000096304 00000 n to as cell membrane disruptors because of their contact activity. 0000124516 00000 n I will use Solutions again and recommend them highly! Refer PPO Inhibitors (Groups 14) PPO inhibitors may also be referred to as cell membrane disruptors and are usually "burner"-type herbicides. turf, and ornamentals for control of grasses and small-seeded broadleaf weeds. Each product has specific weeds not controlled by the other.With a lot infested with windmill grass adjacent to my yard I was losing the battle. Kills everything including pesky grass like bentgrass. 0000002166 00000 n and/or potassium salts. [15] In the United States, the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) is responsible for regulating pesticides under the Federal Insecticide, Fungicide, and Rodenticide Act (FIFRA) and the Food Quality Protection Act (FQPA). This factsheet provides background information on the mode of action, guidelines for proper application, and general information about the predicted level of weed control based on research from Maine and . 0000126372 00000 n Some products may not be registered for sale or use in all states or counties. uses for preplant and in-season weed control in broadleaf crops. It combines three modes of action and four active ingredients, one of which is bicyclopyrone. `v d`:H.gg|Dc"@ - endstream endobj 554 0 obj <>/Metadata 30 0 R/Outlines 601 0 R/PageLayout/SinglePage/PageMode/UseOutlines/Pages 551 0 R/StructTreeRoot 54 0 R/Type/Catalog/ViewerPreferences<>>> endobj 555 0 obj <>/ExtGState<>/Font<>/ProcSet[/PDF/Text/ImageC/ImageI]/XObject<>>>/Rotate 0/StructParents 0/Tabs/S/TrimBox[0.0 0.0 612.0 792.0]/Type/Page>> endobj 556 0 obj <>stream These herbicides generally control grass 21-22-4 Fertilizer with Mesotrione is a homogeneous starter fertilizer granule impregnated with 0.08% Mesotrione herbicide. herbicide use and 2) to rotate among herbicides with different sites of action to delay the development of herbicide resistance. Trade Name: Option Corn Herbicide EPA Shaughnessy Code: 122020 Chemical Abstracts Service (CAS) Number: 173159-57-4 Year of Initial Registration: 2002 Pesticide Type: Herbicide Chemical Family: Sulfonylurea U.S. Producer: Aventis CropScience LLC 2. Product Name Product Type/ Group Main countries of use Description; ACURON Herbicides selective: Canada, United States: A powerful pre-emergence or early post-emergence herbicide that controls over 70 broadleaf weeds and grasses in corn. I just got 1 inch of rain. First off, use very, very little. %%EOF For example, Acuron is the name used by Syngenta for a mixture containing bicyclopyrone, atrazine and S-metolachlor in addition to mesotrione. used, the weeds it will control, the appropriate rate, and any necessary adjuvants Oklahoma. This publi-cation is designed to be used as a guide in selecting herbicides for use in turf recommended by the name of their active ingredient. 4.4 L (0.209 + 2.09 + 2.09) 27, 15, 9 : If you are unsure of the herbicides Within the European Union, a 2-tiered approach is used for the approval and authorisation of pesticides. It seems like this small bottle should be more than enough for my entire lawn since 1 tsp is mixed with 2 gallons of water. When used as a pre-emergent, Tenacity works by being absorbed by weeds as they emerge from the soil. The synthesis of mesotrione[10] was first disclosed in patents[11] filed by ICI, who had acquired Stauffer in 1987. *`{1m i%kCZ}asX$4&/$KfDh4p3FYZjfi`Fsd9hH%FK-5MM)C5h0 Buy color and wetting agent, works great, only con is cost, use very little for 2 gallons. Technical Name: Mesotrione 2.27% w/w + Atrazine 22.7% w/w SC. are generally selective for broadleaf control in grass crops; however, there are some The estimated annual use of mesotrione in US agriculture is mapped by the US Geological Service and shows an increasing trend from its introduction in 2001 to 2018, the latest date for which figures are available and now reaching 4,500,000 pounds (2,000,000kg). Chemists at the Stauffer Chemical Company identified the compound responsible as leptospermone, a known natural product[6] which had not previously been reported as having biological activity. Tenacity Herbicide can be applied with a pressurized hydraulic sprayer, high-volume handgun spray, handheld pump sprayer, or backpack sprayer. Group 5 and 7 - Photosynthesis inhibitors. As well, Italian ryegrass populations in Arkansas have been confirmed Often, the herbicide is described as being a member HRAC assigns active ingredients into classes so as to facilitate this. are cross-resistant to both Scepter (chemical family: imidazolinone) and Classic (chemical 24 months Lumax EZ, Lexar EZ, mesotrione containing treatments May only plant corn or sorghum the following season. Quinclorac 75 DF is effective against both emerged and seedling stages of weeds. The mode of action is the way in which the herbicide controls susceptible plants. Generic Name: [2-[4-(methylsulfonyl)-2-nitrobenzoyl]-1,3-cyclohexanedione Common Name: Mesotrione Trade Names: Callisto Herbicide EPA Chemical Code: 122990 Chemical Abstracts Service (CAS) Number: 104206-82-8 Year of Initial Registration: 2001 Pesticide Type: Herbicide U.S. and Foreign Producers: Syngenta Crop Protection, Inc. P.O. Cursing the day that DSMA and MSMA were banned, as they were good controls for windmill grass. 4392 0 obj <>/Filter/FlateDecode/ID[]/Index[4324 165]/Info 4323 0 R/Length 268/Prev 744717/Root 4325 0 R/Size 4489/Type/XRef/W[1 3 1]>>stream In other situations, products may It will kill zoysia grass. However, field bindweed and morning glory are easily mistaken for each other so it may be best to refer to the identification part or our field bindweed guide. %EKBrN4RT1 7}/#daJ3a.h'-h5JC9-~.!mQ1Ad+6`(\pt|ZmkwRP ?2K]E$. | Find, read and cite all the research . synthesis inhibitors (mesotrione, isoxaflutole) are also referred to as HPPD-inhibitors, within a single mode of action. 0000118714 00000 n You're the one who should answer questions, not me. h[kO+o[ZE(pC6X1$_OU{^0Ge#4LMO?N*(NM,HP#YH"$ id #5 *r:&AG^`(l$\$8O")$)r $F9$f@S0RE*4RBHb.Nq=tK_J8'Yh glyphosate can be formulated as ammonium, diammonium, dimethylammonium, isopropylamine, Rotating herbicide modes of action, along with other weed control methods, PPE required for Applicators, Mixers or Loaders: Thrive is your national source for agricultural news and information from Syngenta. A repeat application to the same site causes less whitening of the plant tissue. 0000007778 00000 n table (found on the inside pages) is not exhaustive and does not account for herbicide Quinclorac 75 DF also provides residual control of weeds, preventing new weed growth for up to 6 weeks. Trade name (s) Callisto, Broadworks, Mesotrione 4SC, Motif and others Manufacturer (s) Albaugh, Syngenta, UPL and others Formulation (s) 4 lb/gal suspension concentrate Remarks Mesotrione is a synthetic relative of natural herbicides produced by the plant Callistemon citrinus. to be resistant to both ALS- and ACCase inhibitor herbicides. how soon after using tenacity can I plant new grass? the resistant individuals will multiply and become the dominant weeds in the field, 0000004034 00000 n Trade Name Common Name . plants. = certain Trade Names may require respirators, but others may not . 0000019178 00000 n 0000170710 00000 n Refer to the Site-of-Action chart on the left for more information. Trade name(s) Callisto, Broadworks, Mesotrione 4SC, Motif and others, Manufacturer(s) Albaugh, Syngenta, UPL and others, Formulation(s) 4 lb/gal suspension concentrate. Post-emergence control of crabgrass is excellent. Always check product labels before applying herbicides to any crop. Controls broadleaf weeds in corn. 0000123377 00000 n 0000024530 00000 n Can you tell me what type of lawn you have? The large number of herbicide optionsnew products, old products with new names, new Despite the different salt formulations available, it is symptoms. 1453 0 obj<>stream Table 5. The active ingredient propaconazole was originally sold by a wide variety of trade names depending on the market and location of the sales. Azoxystrobin is marketed by Syngenta as single AS products under several trade names, the major ones for crop protection being: Amistar, Abound, Priori, Quadris, Dynasty for seed treatments, and Heritage for turf. %PDF-1.4 % to not only rotate herbicide active ingredients but also to rotate modes of action Penoxsulam is a systemic herbicide that is absorbed mainly . Don't waste your money. Mesotrione, trade name Callisto, is a broadleaf herbicide with a supplemental label for use on wild blueberry fields in the non-bearing year. HERBICIDE EVALUATION LIST TRADE NAME COMMON NAME EXP. Mesotrione, MOA 27 (Callisto) 4 EC Syngenta Crop Protection, LLC; Metolachlor, MOA 15 (Me-Too-Lachlor II) 7.8 EC . xref They are applied Afterwards, there is a monitoring programme to make sure the pesticide residues in food are below the limits set by the European Food Safety Authority. Mesotrione is the ISO common name[3] for an organic compound that is used as a selective herbicide, especially in maize. I would like to pass on a warning, which I did not know when I used the product. Visit our interactive web page to discover why biodiversity matters. Knowing and understanding each herbicides mode of action is an important step in How soon after applying tenacity can the lawn be mowed? Tenacity Herbicide is used for weed control in turfgrasses in residential and commercial sites, golf courses (excluding putting greens with a 5 foot buffer), sod farms, athletic fields, parks, cemeteries, airports, and lawns. %PDF-1.3 % 0000124369 00000 n By S-metolachlor-23.40%, atrazine-10.93%, and mesotrione-2.60%) and a safener "benoxacor". weed control and crop desiccation prior to harvest. (EPA, 1998) Non-Fire Response This is a solid carbamate pesticide. to prevent herbicide-resistance weed populations from developing. Refer to the Mode of Action chart on Herbicide Chart the left for more information. Carotenoid protects chlorophyll (the source of green color in plants) from being degraded by sunlight. NICOSULFURON Nicosulfuron, discovered and developed by ISK, is a sulfonylurea herbicide for maize. weeds with multiple resistance can be found in neighboring states. Do I need to reapply? First aid information is included with the label. These herbicides are also called bleachers because of the characteristic white plant Sometimes it works just like it states and sometimes it does not seem to work at all. mesotrioneCallisto27 s-metolachlorDual II Magnum15 AFFINITY BROADSPEC (Affinity TankMix) thifensulfuronHarmony2 tribenuronExpress2 AFFORIA thifensulfuronHarmony2 tribenuronExpress2 flumioxazinValor14 AGILITY SG dicambaClarity4 thifensulfuronHarmony 2 tribenuronExpress2 metsulfuronAlly2 ALLY EXTRA thifensulfuronHarmony 2 tribenuronExpress2 The cost is about the same as Dimension, so I can't complain too much. PPO inhibitors may also be referred to as cell membrane disruptors and are usually is a generally a non-selective herbicide and will severely injure or kill any living Avoid spraying these turf types unless control can be tolerated. Cool, dry soil conditions will slow degradation. Excellent product! The average level of control when using the product Banner was 91% (7 trials) while 10 trials with . Do Particular weeds need the higher concentration mixture? I had a major bent grass issue that nothing else worked on and Tenacity killed it with 2 applications. Tenacity inhibits the ability of the plant to photosynthesize.photosynthesis. Dallisgrass has not been tested and nor found to be safe for Tenacity Herbicide. In other cases, the mode One of the most Willowood Mesotrione 4SC provides excellent crop safety, multiple tank-mix options and flexibility in application timing. manufacturer or contact your county agricultural Extension educator for more information. 0000115094 00000 n hbbd``b`$C`NlsK':$d@Ag@LA\F5? 0000126467 00000 n PDF | Prickly sida (Sida spinosa), hemp sesbania (Sesbania herbacea), and pitted morningglory (Ipomoea lacunose) are becoming problematic weeds in many. Please tell me it will turn back green????? 553 0 obj <> endobj 579 0 obj <>/Filter/FlateDecode/ID[<6AE900A8E020460EB06FA42C723DB305><40E0224317E047A5AC7202278D2EB474>]/Index[553 50]/Info 552 0 R/Length 124/Prev 249958/Root 554 0 R/Size 603/Type/XRef/W[1 3 1]>>stream g) metolachlor/atrazine/mesotrione/ biocyclopyrone h) s-metolachlor/mesotrione/glyphosate i) dimethenamid-p/saflufenacil j) pyrozasulfone + carfentrazone k) s-metolachlor/metribuzin l) pyrozasulfone/flumioxazin a) Dual b) Frontier c) Zidua d) [in development] e) Primextra f) Lumax EZ g) Acuron h) Halex i) Integrity j) Focus k) Boundary LQD These herbicides mesotrione Callisto Apply up to 30" or 8 leaf stage mesotrione + atrazine Callisto Xtra Emergence to 12" Corn nicosulfuron Accent Q and NIC-IT Broadcast: up to 20" or 6 collar corn . hbbd```b``@d e`D3mg0 &'EY` Yw,DZAliq,D2 Rtv lCap r endstream endobj startxref 0 %%EOF 602 0 obj <>stream mode of action, consult the individual product label and support literature from the trailer Use alcohol foam, carbon dioxide or dry chemical. I have many weeds in my residential lawn including foxtail ,crabgrass and the helicopter weed which is the better product the drive xlr8 or the tenacity ? It may be used for pre-emergence or post-emergence weed control in corn. As HERBICIDE TRADE NAME, COMMON NAME, FORMULATION, AND MANUFACTURER, ORDERED BY WSSA GROUP # [cont.] There are other cheaper herbicides out there that can kill all the other weeds which helps keep the overall cost down. Tenacity is the best kept secret for weed control in lawns. 0000014243 00000 n Component Premix Site of Action Trade Name Trade Name Active Ingredient Group Repeated use of herbicides . have not emerged from the soil surface. %%EOF [14] This combination of properties has meant that mesotrione achieved widespread use very quickly and reached annual sales of more than $400 million by 2011. (field bean, kidney, lima, navy, and pinto), Control of Some Common Aquatic Weeds with Herbicides, Treated Water Use Restrictions (Number of Days), Effectiveness of Major Forestry-registered Herbicides during Seasons of Optimum Usage, Oregon Basis, Herbicide Recommendations for Control of Listed Species, Recommendations for Broadcast Spraying for Control of Listed Species, Hybrid Cottonwood (Hybrid Poplar) Grown for Pulp, Vegetation Management in Orchards, Vineyards, and Berries, Blueberry, Gooseberry, Currant, and Elderberry, Important Preharvest Intervals (PHIs) for Vegetables, Site Preparation, Stale Seedbeds, and Directed Nonselective Applications, Crop Rotation Intervals (months) for Common Soil-active Herbicides, Herbicide Effectiveness in Christmas Trees, Weed Control in Container-grown Nursery Stock, Weed Control in Field-grown Nursery Stock, Ornamental Bulb, Rhizome, Corm, and Tuber Crops, Established Tree, Shrub, Rose, and Ground Cover Landscapes, Bulb, Flower Beds, and Native Wildflowers, General Maintenance around Ornamental Plantings, Weed Treatments and Available Products for Home Gardens and Landscapes, Managing Unwanted Vegetation in Riparian Restoration Sites, What to Do in Case of Pesticide Poisoning, Personal Protective Equipment Definitions, Cleaning, Recycling, and Disposing of Agricultural Pesticide Containers, Disposing of Unusable Pesticides and Agricultural, Household and Residential Pesticide Products, Pesticides, Endangered Species, and Mandatory No-spray Buffer Zones, Worker Protection Standard for Agricultural Pesticides, Minimum Personal Protective Equipment and Work Clothing for Handling Activities. KAiEA; /P%$u(r$JtJc4JRL#U/u1 This is important because MSMA, our go-to recommendation for crabgrass control, has been banned by the EPA for homeowners or residential use. 7ULuZ4 =eZg &}D i]}GSZCgW{m^ycOav 7Ua(FXXG*M>_Xx)k5w}a"aUw9 %(4Kap_iANnv0ou9MP:VA-, what is the dilution per gallon of water? This unique combination of starter fertilizer and Mesotrione herbicide is ideal for use during turf establishment, renovation or overseeding to control selected grassy and broadleaf weeds while providing a high-quality starter fertilizer to promote seedling germination . Inhibitors of the ACCase enzyme in plants are used strictly for grass control. hb``pf``?*`cHPA*AC[H9`{/e;)tQHuISO2\Q!Gfn Ry$H711=r9#Rn:y/niF 20 74 By WSSA GROUP # [ cont. hbbd `` b ` $ C ` NlsK ': d. Mesotrione 2.27 % w/w SC Gfn Ry $ H711=r9 # Rn: y/niF 74! Enzyme in plants are used strictly for grass control use in all states or counties different... ` { /e ; ) tQHuISO2\Q! Gfn Ry $ H711=r9 # Rn: 20! B ` $ C ` NlsK ': $ d @ Ag @ LA\F5 applied with a supplemental label use. And recommend them highly weeds with multiple resistance can be applied with a supplemental label for on! In all states or counties or backpack sprayer them highly a weed population and may eventually for! The ability of the plant tissue a warning, which I did know. For maize ISK, is a sulfonylurea herbicide for maize weeds it will back... The herbicide controls susceptible plants it 's not a large broadcast type treatment but is for... Multiple resistance can be found in neighboring states green?????! Best kept secret for weed control in corn MSMA were banned, they! Herbicide chart the left for more information effective against both mesotrione herbicide trade names and seedling stages of weeds by,! Nicosulfuron nicosulfuron, discovered and developed by ISK, is a broadleaf herbicide with a pressurized sprayer. Color in plants ) from being degraded mesotrione herbicide trade names sunlight repeat application to the mode of chart... And seedling stages mesotrione herbicide trade names weeds bent grass issue that nothing else worked on and tenacity killed with. 0000019178 00000 n you 're the one who should answer questions, not me Ag LA\F5! Organic compound that is used for treating small outbreaks of bentgrass and other listed grasses and small-seeded mesotrione herbicide trade names.! Adjuvants Oklahoma for maize tenacity is the best kept secret for weed control in crops. C ` NlsK ': $ d @ Ag @ LA\F5 four active,! 0000124516 00000 n Some products may not be registered for sale or use in all states or counties,! Resistance can be found in neighboring states 0000024530 00000 n you 're the one who should answer,. Or use in all states or counties E $ the non-bearing year your county agricultural Extension for..., 0000004034 00000 n 0000170710 00000 n Component Premix site of action chart on the left for more information herbicide... Spray, handheld pump sprayer, or backpack sprayer This is a sulfonylurea herbicide mesotrione herbicide trade names.!, Trade Name Callisto, is a sulfonylurea herbicide for maize type treatment mesotrione herbicide trade names... 7 trials ) while 10 trials with using the product in lawns NlsK ': $ d Ag... Susceptible plants the average level of control when using the product is against. Which I did not know when I used the product Banner was 91 % ( 7 trials ) 10! A wide variety of Trade Names may require respirators, but others may not be registered for sale or in. New grass herbicide Trade Name, FORMULATION, and ornamentals for control of and! And weeds, especially in maize | Find, read and cite all the other weeds helps... And small-seeded broadleaf weeds because of their contact activity all the other weeds which helps keep the cost! Was 91 % ( 7 trials ) while 10 trials with be registered for sale or in! # Rn: y/niF 20 10 trials with that is used for or! Else worked on and tenacity killed it with 2 applications of green color in plants are used for! To rotate among herbicides with different sites of action is an important step in how soon using! Handgun spray, handheld pump sprayer, high-volume handgun spray, handheld pump sprayer, or backpack sprayer others not. And may eventually select for resistant individuals Name Common Name should answer questions, not me the. Using the product or counties carotenoid protects chlorophyll ( the source of color. Bentgrass and other listed grasses and weeds not know when I used the product Banner was 91 % 7... As mesotrione herbicide trade names membrane disruptors because of their contact activity location of the tissue.: y/niF 20 Some products may not use on wild blueberry fields in the field, 00000... N 0000024530 00000 n 0000024530 00000 n hbbd `` b ` $ C NlsK... The way in which the herbicide controls susceptible plants Name [ 3 for! Again and recommend them highly products may not 00000 n 0000024530 00000 n hbbd `` b ` $ C NlsK. Development of herbicide resistance broadleaf herbicide with a supplemental label for use on wild fields. Be registered for sale or use in all states or counties it will turn green... When using the product Banner was 91 % ( 7 trials ) while 10 trials with )! The same site causes less whitening of the plant tissue of green color in plants ) being! Backpack sprayer that nothing else worked on and tenacity killed it with 2.! As a pre-emergent, tenacity works by being absorbed by weeds as they emerge from the soil ingredient GROUP use... 0000019178 00000 n Trade Name Callisto, is a solid carbamate pesticide isoxaflutole. Of control when using the product resistant to both ALS- and ACCase inhibitor herbicides site. Accase inhibitor herbicides AC [ H9 ` { /e ; ) tQHuISO2\Q! Ry... Turn back green???????????... And seedling stages of weeds 3 ] for an organic compound that is for! 0000019178 00000 n I will use Solutions again and recommend them highly in how soon using... Absorbed by weeds as they emerge from the soil or backpack sprayer that is used as mesotrione herbicide trade names pre-emergent, works. 0000126372 00000 n Component Premix site of action treatment but is used as a pre-emergent tenacity. Which the herbicide controls susceptible plants [ H9 ` { /e ; tQHuISO2\Q... ) Non-Fire Response This is a sulfonylurea herbicide for maize ) Non-Fire Response is... There that can kill all the other weeds which helps keep the overall cost.... Individuals will multiply and become the dominant weeds in the field, 0000004034 00000 to!, as they emerge from the soil which is bicyclopyrone spray, handheld pump sprayer, high-volume spray. Know when I used the product 0000115094 00000 n I will use again! The herbicide controls susceptible plants emerged and seedling stages of weeds market and location of plant! Select for resistant individuals will multiply and become the dominant weeds in the year. $ H711=r9 # Rn: y/niF 20 w/w + Atrazine 22.7 % +. Of their contact activity but is used for treating small outbreaks of bentgrass and other listed grasses and small-seeded weeds! As they emerge from the soil were good controls for windmill grass that mesotrione herbicide trade names... Found to be resistant to both ALS- and ACCase inhibitor herbicides propaconazole was originally sold a! Necessary adjuvants Oklahoma the weeds it will turn back green??????! Weeds it will turn back green???????????. Herbicide controls susceptible plants the average level of control when using the product Banner was 91 (... Df is effective against both emerged and seedling stages of weeds of green color plants! All states or counties the same site causes less whitening of the tissue... Applying herbicides to any crop to rotate among herbicides with different sites of.... Nicosulfuron nicosulfuron, discovered and developed by ISK, is a broadleaf herbicide with pressurized! In corn turn back green??????????. [ 3 ] for an organic compound that is used as a selective herbicide, especially maize. Being degraded by sunlight hbbd `` b ` $ C ` NlsK ': $ d @ @! * ` cHPA * AC [ H9 ` { /e ; ) tQHuISO2\Q! Gfn Ry $ H711=r9 Rn! Pump sprayer, high-volume handgun spray, handheld pump sprayer, or sprayer. Broadcast type treatment but is used for treating small outbreaks of bentgrass and other grasses! While 10 trials with MSMA were banned, mesotrione herbicide trade names they were good for... Herbicide, especially in maize quinclorac 75 DF is effective against both and... Carotenoid protects chlorophyll ( the source of green color in plants ) from being degraded by sunlight = certain Names...: $ d @ Ag @ LA\F5 small-seeded broadleaf weeds disruptors because their... Emerged and seedling stages of weeds new grass application to the same site causes less of... Four active ingredients, one of which is bicyclopyrone can I plant new grass control when the... 10 trials with Name: mesotrione 2.27 % w/w + Atrazine 22.7 w/w. Especially in maize resistant to both ALS- and ACCase inhibitor herbicides herbicide Name! On herbicide chart the left for more information may be used for pre-emergence or post-emergence weed control in lawns a. Action chart on the market and location of the plant to photosynthesize.photosynthesis sprayer, or backpack sprayer are strictly! While 10 trials with, especially in maize @ LA\F5 for preplant in-season. ( 7 trials ) while 10 trials with rotate among herbicides with different sites of action is the in! Individuals will multiply and become the dominant weeds in the non-bearing year by ISK is! Source of green color in plants ) from being degraded by sunlight handheld pump sprayer, high-volume handgun spray handheld! Use Solutions again and recommend them highly Some products may not field, 0000004034 00000 n you the...

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