During the years immediately following the AngloBoer wars, Britain set about unifying the four colonies including the former Boer republics into a single self-governed country called the Union of South Africa. [165] Strict censorship disallowed journalists from reporting, filming or photographing such incidents, while the government ran its own covert disinformation programme that provided distorted accounts of the extrajudicial killings. Abimbola: Passenger lists are your ticket to knowing when your ancestors arrived in the USA, and how they made the journey - from the ship name to ports of arrival and departure. Kholwa Female | Kholwa is a name used in both the Zulu and Ndebele cultures and means "believe". Abeba Following in Dart's footsteps Robert Broom discovered a new much more robust hominid in 1938 Paranthropus robustus at Kromdraai, and in 1947 uncovered several more examples of Australopithecus africanus at Sterkfontein. Meaning: 'Child that keeps coming or reincarnation.' 5. This Second AngloBoer War, also known as the South African War lasted longer than the first, with British troops being supplemented by colonial troops from Southern Rhodesia, Canada, India, Australia and New Zealand. With a population of roughly 6 million, between 19141918, over 250,000 South Africans of all races voluntarily served their country. Hetherington, Penelope. [230][231][232] Notable corruption related scandals during this period included incidents of widespread state capture[233] often involving allegations against the Gupta family. In mid-1903 there remained barely half of the 90,000 black labourers who had been employed in the industry in mid-1899. On 28 May 1941, Smuts was appointed a Field Marshal of the British Army, becoming the first South African to hold that rank. Botha (pronounced / b r t / in non-rhotic dialects of English, Afrikaans pronunciation: ) is a common Afrikaans surname, derived from the Friso-Saxon Both. Hamilton, Carolyn and Bernard K. Mbenga, eds. South African surnames. [116] The conflict ended almost as soon as it began with a decisive Boer victory at Battle of Majuba Hill (27 February 1881). Broad-Based Black Economic Empowerment (B-BBEE) was introduced . This led to conflict between the Basotho and the British, who were defeated by Moshoeshoe's warriors at the battle of Viervoet in 1851. After the March 1960 massacre of 69 peaceful demonstrators at Sharpeville, and the subsequent declaration of a state of emergency, and the banning of anti-apartheid parties including the African National Congress (ANC), the Pan-Africanist Congress (PAC), and the Communist Party of South Africa, the focus of national resistance turned to armed struggle and underground activity. Gill: Gill is a Punjabi surname. Aubrey Newman, Nicholas J Evans, J Graham Smith & Saul W Issroff. [197], From the 1940s to the 1960s, anti-apartheid resistance within the country took the form mainly of passive resistance, influenced in part by the pacifist ideology of Mahatma Gandhi. 4. By that time, more than 2,000,000 children were orphaned due to the epidemic. Lerato (Southern African origin), meaning "love" in Sotho, pronounced LE-raa-too. The police and military who controlled the JMCs by the mid-1980s were endowed with influence in decision-making at every level, from the Cabinet down to local government. By 1869, diamonds were found at some distance from any stream or river, in hard rock called blue ground, later called kimberlite, after the mining town of Kimberley where the diamond diggings were concentrated. [111] The commercial opportunities opened by the discovery of gold attracted many other people of European Jewish origin. After considerable debate, and following submissions from advocacy groups, individuals and ordinary citizens, the Parliament enacted a new Constitution and Bill of Rights in 1996. [70], In 1825, a faction of the Griqua people was induced by Dr John Philip, superintendent of the London Missionary Society in Southern Africa, to relocate to a place called Philippolis, a mission station for the San, several hundred miles southeast of Griqualand. He appealed to the British for help against Ndlambe, who retaliated in 1819 during the Fifth Frontier War by attacking the British colonial town of Grahamstown. In late October, Boer commandos supported by local Kgatla tribal collaborators laid siege to the caves. The majority of burghers had Dutch ancestry and belonged to the Dutch Reformed Church, but there were also some Germans, who often happened to be Lutherans. Under the provisions of the act, the Union became an independent Dominion of the British Empire, governed under a form of constitutional monarchy, with the British monarch represented by a Governor-General. The . An estimated five thousand Zulu warriors were involved. The Jewish population of South Africa in 1880 numbered approximately 4,000; by 1914 it had grown to more than 40,000, mostly migrants from Lithuania. In 1818 differences between two Xhosa leaders, Ndlambe and Ngqika, ended in Ngqika's defeat, but the British continued to recognise Ngqika as the paramount chief. [1] Origin [ edit] Unlike many other popular South-African family names, which can often be unambiguously traced back to English, Dutch, or Huguenot French, the origin of the name Coetzee is unclear. [145], The early-1940s saw the pro-Nazi Ossewa Brandwag (OB) movement become half-a-million strong, including future prime minister John Vorster and Hendrik van den Bergh, the future head of police intelligence. A majority of politically moderate Afrikaners were pragmatic and did not support the AWB's extremism. It was an independent and internationally recognised nation-state in southern Africa from 1852 to 1902. The president is elected by the National Assembly and serves a term that expires at the next general election. The convention came into force on 18 July 1976. These are the 10 most common African American surnames according to the 2000 census: Williams: Williams is a patronymic of English origin of someone with a forebear named William. The Zulu resulted in the mass movement of many tribes who in turn tried to dominate those in new territories, leading to widespread warfare and waves of displacement spread throughout southern Africa and beyond. [189], Both South Africa and Cuba claimed victory at the decisive battle of Cuito Cuanavale, which have been described as "the fiercest in Africa since World War II". Discusses commonest names, some famous names, etymology . Khumalo: Pretorius: Pretorius is a surname of Germanic origins. [212] [42] Most historians recognise that the Mfecane wasn't just a series of events caused by the founding of the Zulu kingdom but rather a multitude of factors caused before and after Shaka Zulu came into power. It was brought to South Africa in 1661 by Dutch people employed by the Dutch East India Company.. Similarly, schools, justice and trade up to the arrival of the British, were all managed in the Dutch language. By the late 1700s, the Cape Colony population had grown to include a large number of mixed-race so-called "coloureds" who were the offspring of extensive interracial relations between male Dutch settlers, Khoikhoi females, and female slaves imported from Dutch colonies in the East. Abara is a common last name in the Igbo community. Some groups, ancestral to today's Nguni peoples (the Zulu, Xhosa, Swazi, and Ndebele), preferred to live near the eastern coast of what is present-day South Africa. Starting from the mid-1800s, the Cape of Good Hope, which was then the largest state in southern Africa, began moving towards greater independence from Britain. Mannan: Mannan is a Hindu surname meaning 'king' in Tamil. [better source needed]The progenitors of the extended clan were Maria Kickers, her first partner Ferdinands Appel, and her later husband Frederich Botha. [245] Protests against the incarceration triggered wider rioting and looting, further exacerbated by job layoffs and economic woes worsened by the COVID-19 pandemic. [200] The Truth and Reconciliation Commission noted in 2003 that, despite the ANC's stated policy of attacking only military and police targets, "the majority of casualties of MK operations were civilians. The effectiveness of the police in foiling the planned coup strengthened public perceptions that the post-1994 democratic order was irreversible. [131], Public opinion in South Africa split along racial and ethnic lines. Click. 35. Abara - Origin: West African (Igbo). [244], Civil unrest occurred in South Africa's KwaZulu-Natal and Gauteng provinces in July 2021, sparked by the imprisonment of former President Jacob Zuma for contempt of court, after he declined to testify at the Zondo Commission, an inquiry into allegations of corruption during his term as president from 2009 to 2018. A short lifespan might also indicate health problems that were once prevalent in your family. Means "gratitude" in Sotho. Over 7,000 South Africans were killed, and nearly 12,000 were wounded during the course of the war. Search US census records for South African, View all South African immigration records, Do not sell or share my personal information. The "aliens" objected to being denied parliamentary representation and the right to vote, and they complained also of bureaucratic government delays in the issuing of licenses and permits, and general administrative incompetence on the part of the government.[119]. On 23 October 1984 the UN Security Council endorsed this formal determination. Van Riebeeck considered it impolitic to enslave the local Khoi and San aboriginals, so the VOC began to import large numbers of slaves, primarily from the Dutch colonies in Indonesia. Friction between the Griquas and the settlers over land rights resulted in British troops being sent to the region in 1845. [110], Of the leading 25 foreign industrialists who were instrumental in opening up deep level mining operations at the Witwatersrand gold fields, 15 were Jewish, 11 of the total were from Germany or Austria, and nine of that latter category were also Jewish. In 1872, after a long political struggle, it attained responsible government with a locally accountable executive and Prime Minister. Thousands more served in the British Army directly, with over 3,000 joining the British Royal Flying Corps and over 100 volunteering for the Royal Navy. There are 3,000 census records available for the last name South African. Pearson Longman. 30. A Adriaanse Alberts (name) B Badenhorst Bakkes Bekker Blaauw Blignault Blignaut Booi Booysen Boshoff Bosman Botha Breytenbach Burger (surname) Buys C Cilliers Cloete (surname) Coetzee Cronje [32] In 1805, the British inherited the Cape as a prize during the Napoleonic Wars,[24] again seizing the Cape from the French controlled Kingdom of Holland which had replaced the Batavian Republic.[33]. Lerato The Government of National Unity lapsed at the end of the first parliament sitting in 1999, with the ANC becoming the sole party in power while maintaining a strategic alliance with the Congress of South African Trade Unions (COSATU) and the South African Communist Party. [177][178] In response to the South African intervention, Cuba sent 18,000 soldiers as part of a large-scale military intervention nicknamed Operation Carlota in support of the MPLA. Last names come from indigenous, colonialist, and diasporic roots. Independent sovereignty of the republic was formally recognised by Great Britain with the signing of the Sand River Convention on 17 January 1852. There is also a Jat tribe with the same name. 2. In the late 15th and early 16th centuries, Portuguese mariners, who were the first Europeans at the Cape, encountered pastoral Khoikhoi with livestock. Page 1 2. [11][12][13], The San and Khoikhoi are essentially distinguished only by their respective occupations. Nineteenth-Century Contests For Land In South Africa's Caledon Valley And The Invention Of The Mfecane", "First Indian workers arrive in South Africa | South African History Online", "Crossing the Kala Pani: cause for "Celebration" or "Commemoration" 150 years on? [31], In 1787, shortly before the French Revolution, a faction within the politics of the Dutch Republic known as the Patriot Party attempted to overthrow the regime of stadtholder William V. Though the revolt was crushed, it was resurrected after the French invasion of the Netherlands in 1794/1795 which resulted in the stadtholder fleeing the country. The settlement of southern Africa by the Khoisan corresponds to the earliest separation of the extant Homo sapiens populations altogether, associated in genetic science with what is described in scientific terms as matrilinear haplogroup L0 (mtDNA) and patrilinear haplogroup A (Y-DNA), originating in a northwestern area of southern Africa. The Portuguese mariner Bartolomeu Dias was the first European to explore the coastline of South Africa in 1488, while attempting to discover a trade route to the Far East via the southernmost cape of South Africa, which he named Cabo das Tormentas, meaning Cape of Storms. Hint: Try searching for a relative alive in 1940. It was brought to South Africa in 1678 by Frederich Botha. Popular South African Surnames and Meanings Abara - This surname is of Igbo origin and it means "spirit." Adebisi - The meaning of this last name is "the king" and it is of Yoruba origin. From the 1830s onwards, numbers of white settlers from the Cape Colony crossed the Orange River and started arriving in the fertile southern part of territory known as the Lower Caledon Valley, which was occupied by Basotho cattle herders under the authority of the Basotho founding monarch Moshoeshoe I. Long-standing Boer resentment turned into full-blown rebellion in the Transvaal and the first AngloBoer War, also known as the Boer Insurrection, broke out in 1880. In 2015, the discovery near Johannesburg of a previously unknown species of Homo was announced, named Homo naledi. The attack failed, with British forces then retreating back to Durban, which the Boers besieged. At its peak in 1987, the UDF had some 700 affiliates and about 3,000,000 members. This list of 100 African girl names includes their meanings, variations, and countries of origin. 21,000 of them were deployed to France as stevedores at French ports, where they were housed in segregated compounds. [128], In 1924 the Afrikaner-dominated National Party came to power in a coalition government with the Labour Party. 1972. Blignaut, Charl. An academic study conducted in 2006, found that South Africans showed levels of xenophobia greater than anywhere else in the world. [223], A further financial burden was imposed on the new post-apartheid government through its obligation to provide antiretroviral (ARV) treatment to impoverished victims of the HIV/AIDS epidemic sweeping the country. Census records can tell you a lot of little known facts about your South African ancestors, such as occupation. In 1874, Henry Bartle Frere was sent to South Africa as High Commissioner for the British Empire to bring such plans into being. Genocide: A History. [38] The Royal Geographical Society later awarded Livingstone a gold medal for his discovery of Lake Ngami in the desert.[39]. The South African Institute of Race Relations estimated in 2008 that 800,000 or more white people had emigrated since 1995, out of the approximately 4,000,000 who were in South Africa when apartheid formally ended the year before. 36. You can find birthdates, death dates, addresses and more. Ababio - Origin: Ghanaian. "Disease and Society: VOC Cape Town, Its People, and the Smallpox Epidemics of 1713, 1755, and 1767," Kleio 27, This page was last edited on 27 February 2023, at 09:53. This caused further dissatisfaction among the Dutch settlers. From 2629 April 1994, the South African population voted in the first universal suffrage general elections. Da Gama's fleet proceeded northwards to Zanzibar and later sailed eastwards, eventually reaching India and opening the Cape Route between Europe and Asia. In 2007, less than half the protests were associated with some form of violence, compared with 2014, when almost 80% of protests involved violence on the part of the participants or the authorities. The provision of ARV treatment resulted in 100,000 fewer AIDS-related deaths in 2011 than in 2005. 4. 1. [166] At the same time, State-sponsored vigilante groups carried out violent attacks on communities and community leaders associated with resistance to apartheid. Rhodes and Rudd had earlier made fortunes from diamond mining at Kimberley. In 1824 a party of 25 men under British Lieutenant F G Farewell arrived from the Cape Colony and established a settlement on the northern shore of the Bay of Natal, which would later become the port of Durban, so named after Benjamin D'Urban, a governor of the Cape Colony. It is also a given name in Kerala. As societies became more complex or were colonised by more complex societies these distinguishing names became fixed and were passed on to the next generation. About three thousand Zulu warriors died in the clash known historically as the Battle of Blood River.[81][82]. 213, 219, 223, 224 Quote: Truth and Reconciliation Commission (1998), Findings on the role of allies of the state, pages 227238, Peter Harris, "The role of rightwing vigilantes in South Africa", in. The British suffragette Emily Hobhouse visited British concentration camps in South Africa and produced a report condemning the appalling conditions there. A local trader Dick King and his servant Ndongeni, who later became folk heroes, were able to escape the blockade and ride to Grahamstown, a distance of 600km (372.82 miles) in 14 days to raise British reinforcements. "[69] They were joined on their long journey by a number of San and Khoikhoi aboriginals, local African tribesmen, and also some white renegades. 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