In the iCloud section, tap the + button underneath Containers to add a custom container. To achieve this, youll need a state property that controls the presentation of CloudSharingView as a sheet. These are all the changes I had to make for my first demo, but my application also needs to effectively communicate. Synchronizing a Local Store to the Cloud. Since CloudKits notifications are built on top of the iOS notification system, you have to be on the lookout for these conditions. wherever you need to customize your user interfaces. Add a destination. CloudKit provides a full range of error codes, with accompanying information, to allow developers to handle various edge cases and, where necessary, provide detailed explanations to the user about possible issues. Participants can have different roles and permissions that constrain how they can act on a particular set of objects, which brings us to the second key concept: how NSPersistentCloudKitContainer and CloudKit structure these shared objects. Build apps that share data through CloudKit and Core Data Learn how to easily build apps that share data between multiple iCloud users with NSPersistentCloudKitContainer. In this simple Note application, with a single user switching between devices, youre not likely to see too many conflicts in a live concurrency sense. Once you add a destination, youll see it on the main screen like below. I left off the scaffolding for creating the sample data, but the test crafts a mixed set of managed objects that it identifies as shared or not shared by the presence of their objectID in this set. The exact version of the record you tried to save. Note that the same code will work for macOS clients as well, with slight adjustments for differences in how notifications work on that platform. And now I can see the new post. You need to extract information about the participants of this share. Depending on the context, you may wish to assign a higher qualityOfService and handle these situations yourself. It accepts the share and adds the necessary metadata into the sharedPersistentStore. Since CloudKit is deeply tied to Apples operating systems and devices, its not suitable for applications that require a broader range of device support, such as Android or Windows clients. Please note all the code has explanatory comments at the key points. These values are stored in a new payload on CKRecord called encryptedValues, introduced in the "What's New in CloudKit" session. Pauls been a developer for nearly three decades, working with many tech stacks but with a focus on Apple. The answer is, "Not much." The final step is to add the Background Modes capability and enable Remote Notifications. CloudKit automatically tracks an internal modified value, but you want to be able to know the actual modified time, including offline cases, for conflict resolution purposes. Not the answer you're looking for? we can share the data our applications create. If a match returns, this object is already shared. So let's look at how I've changed my application to communicate these states and privileges. directly to specific call sites in my application. To begin the sharing process, add the following code to your persistentContainer below the // TODO: 1 comment: This code configures the shared database to store records shared with you. At this point, if you shared the invitation via text message, open Messages and tap the invitation. and the cells that correspond to unshared objects don't. Last, head to the CloudKit Console so you can verify your data. If I'm allowed to, I can add records that I own to any of those zones just as they can in the zones that I own. introduced in the "What's New in CloudKit" session. Under the Schema section, select Indexes. than the simple injection I used in the test. To view the purposes they believe they have legitimate interest for, or to object to this data processing use the vendor list link below. Select Private Database. Last, if the current user of that share is the owner, returns. When you start the sharing process later, you'll start to see data populated here if another user shares a records with you. Ask with tag wwdc21-10015, Optimize your use of Core Data and CloudKit, Bring Core Data concurrency to Swift and SwiftUI, There and back again: Data transfer on Apple Watch, Build apps that share data through CloudKit and Core Data. This means not only the owner but also the second user can modify the data shared with them. This is a thorny problem with many gotchas and pitfalls, but users expect the feature and expect it to work well. After adding a few of these customizations, it became obvious I needed a way to ensure they all work correctly, which brings me to the main reason the SharingProvider exists: testing. Learn to share data between CoreData and CloudKit in a SwiftUI app. to store the objects an application creates. But ideally, we would have a single place directly in the Photos app where my friends and I can share our photos with each other. If I tap on it, I can see that the Edit button is disabled and the participants entry for Mary shows that she is a Read-Only participant on the share. rev2023.3.1.43269. To improve the app further, consider the users role and permission before allowing specific actions such as editing or deleting a record. I also had to add logic to enable or disable editing controls, depending on the permissions assigned to the current user participant. Some of our partners may process your data as a part of their legitimate business interest without asking for consent. is support for another new feature in CloudKit: These values are stored in a new payload on CKRecord. Another user will see a different set of zones. Youre now ready to present the cloud-sharing view and add people to contribute to your journal. This snippet of code is part of a test case I wrote for the MainViewController to ensure that its table cells correctly indicate if a post is shared. There are two ways to share data via CloudKit: record sharing and zone sharing. Update the selected zone from defaultZone to the automatically generated com.apple.coredata.cloudkit.zone. Before CloudKit, inconsistent behavior and weak debugging tools made it almost impossible to deliver a top quality product using the first generation iCloud APIs. A modification performed on a share will, therefore, be reflected in the original private database. Fetching a record by name is very straightforward. You could use the recordId for this. Heather, Jermaine, Percy, and Mary are all test accounts. Below the Data section, click Records. All the user needs to do at this point is enter the contact details for the intended share recipient and send the message. Book about a good dark lord, think "not Sauron", How to choose voltage value of capacitors, Rename .gz files according to names in separate txt-file. In my .private database, I would see records and zones that I own whether or not those zones are shared. Also, a CloudKit record may only be shared if it is stored in a private database and is a member of a record zone other than the default zone. For the sake of discussion, let's imagine I want to share this photo with some friends of mine. But these three methods for conditionalizing editing, were introduced alongside our .public database support, You can use these methods in your applications. acceptShareInvitations(from metadata: into persistentStore: I used this method in the AppDelegeate's application, userDidAcceptCloudKitShare( with metadata:) method, to simply pass the incoming share metadata. Careful error handling is absolutely essential for a CloudKit client. After you have logged into the console, open CloudKit Database. bookmark, personalise your learner profile and more! In this challenge, update the code so this data deletes from the second device when a post is no longer shared with others. 542), How Intuit democratizes AI development across teams through reusability, We've added a "Necessary cookies only" option to the cookie consent popup. with their role, permissions, and acceptance state. To subscribe to this RSS feed, copy and paste this URL into your RSS reader. Within this handler, the CKShare object must be created and saved as outlined in the previous section. Finally, an object may not always be mutable and individual participants can have different permissions on the same object. There you go! I set the BlockBasedProvider as the provider. The first change I had to make was to tell NSPersistentCloudKitContainer to mirror the .shared CloudKit database to a new persistent store. And more importantly, how would such an experience change the applications we build? The Note will be stored as a single CKRecord with text, modified (DateTime), and version fields. CloudKit automatically configures every CloudKit-enabled app out of the box to have a public CKDatabase (all users of the app can see everything) and a private CKDatabase (each user sees only their own data). Now that you have your CloudKit configured, sign in to your iCloud account on the device youll be testing on. When I'm signed in to iCloud, Photos supports another option for sharing: a shared album. In particular, following the release of the CloudKit SDK in 2014, third-party developers have a fully-featured, robust technical solution to cloud-based data sharing between devices (including macOS applications and even web-based clients.). Once youve completed that task, set showShareSheet, which presents CloudSharingView, to true. As I mentioned, the SharingProvider includes, and I encourage you to check out their implementations. This is new iOS 15 and allows NSPersistentCloudKitContainer to be configured to mirror persistent stores to the .shared CloudKit database. After the share has been saved to the database, the cloud sharing controller needs to be notified that the share is ready to be sent. He loves solving hard problems. Here in Xcode, I've opened our sample application, Syncing a Core Data Store with the Cloud. In this post, we will talk about zone sharing. Customizations like this necessarily require. So that's how we use NSPersistentCloudKitContainer. I've already saved Heather and Mary in my address book, so they're easy to find. and how to operate on records and objects. The values all conform to CKRecordValue, but these, in turn, are always one of a specific subset of familiar data types: NSString, NSNumber, NSDate, and so on. Another user will see a different set of zones in their .private and .shared databases, depending on whether or not they are the owner of those zones. Next, add the following code below the // TODO: 3 comment: This code adds your shared NSPersistentStoreDescription to the container. With this code in place, build and run on your second device. Have a question? When a user decides to share CloudKit data, a share link in the form of a URL is sent to the person with whom the data is to be shared. CloudKit - Share Files between Users via a URL, https://github.com/iRareMedia/iCloudDocumentSync, https://github.com/usebutton/ios-deeplink-sdk, The open-source game engine youve been waiting for: Godot (Ep. depending on whether or not they are the owner of those zones. First off, you need to make sure youre starting from a valid CKRecord. How can I change a sentence based upon input to a command? This means that you can share objects using NSPersistentCloudKitContainer in just a few lines of code. Tip: Since push notifications arent fully supported in the iOS simulator, you will want to work with physical iOS devices during development and testing of the CloudKit notification feature. Look at the share options. It's been my pleasure to introduce just some of the changes we've made to NSPersistentCloudKitContainer to support sharing. Youll build this action in this tutorial. Over time, however, Apple has addressed these issues. Tap the shared object to go to the detail screen. Share Core Data between users with NSPersistentCloudKitContainer Ask Question Asked 3 years, 7 months ago Modified 1 year, 8 months ago Viewed 3k times 16 Apple introduced the NSPersistentCloudKitContainer with iOS 13 which enable us to use CloudKit with Core Data. So how does NSPersistentCloudKitContainer know where to keep your records? In the Signing & Capabilities section, add the iCloud capability. There's a lot of new API to learn about. From this screen, you can take a few actions. The next step is to create the container your data will live in. The owner is the iCloud account that actually owns an object. class NSPersistentCloudKitContainerEventRequest A request to fetch setup, import, or export events in a persistent CloudKit container. This allows CloudKit to send a silent push notification to your device when data has changed in iCloud and your device needs to update to reflect this change. CloudKit sharing is made possible primarily by the CKShare class. If I select the location attribute, I can see its configuration in the data model inspector on the right. New in iOS 15 is acceptShareInvitations(from:into:completion:). It is also possible to serialize CKRecords directly to and from local storage. Subscriptions are one of the most valuable CloudKit features. Build and run. Let's see that in action. Open CoreDataStack.swift. that constrain how they can act on a particular set of objects. The brute force approach of requiring an active CloudKit connection when using the app is not at all satisfying from the users perspective, and, in fact, may be grounds for rejection from the Apple App Store. Go to the first device you created the share from, because you need to be the Owner to access the Share Options. Once you accept the share on the second device, its now part of your shared zone in iCloud. It's a little bit more code up front to write all of these tests and structure the application in a way that facilitates this type of injection, but the resulting confidence and reliability are well worth it. If I tap on it, I can also see the participants displayed at the bottom of the detail view controller with their role, permissions, and acceptance state. In a CloudKit database-- for example, the .private database-- NSPersistentCloudKitContainer typically manages a private zone to store the objects an application creates. to combine the .private and .shared databases. Add the following method to your extension: With this code in place, you can determine if the destination is already shared and then take the proper action. Specify record type as CD_Destination. What's important is that it's way more complicated than I can easily exercise every time I want to verify a change to the table view, and trying to do so would add a lot of friction to the development process. No specific cutoff point is specified (a maximum of 1MB total is recommended for each CKRecord), but as a rule of thumb, just about anything that feels like an independent item (an image, a sound, a blob of text) rather than as a database field should probably be stored as a CKAsset. When storing data via CloudKit, CloudKit Console allows you to interact with the data in question and perform several other functions such as viewing logs. However, you can get more functionality if you use a custom zone, most notably, support for fetching incremental record changes. Figure 48 3, for example, shows a share link loaded into the Mail app ready to be sent: When a user receives a share link and selects it, a dialog will appear providing the option to accept the share and open it in the corresponding app. If I'm allowed to, I can add records that I own. Join our team. Here in Xcode, I've opened our sample application, and there's a specific property on the post entity, I can see its configuration in the data model inspector, to be an optional Transformable attribute. When a record is shared, a share link is sent to the recipient user in the form of a URL. Our users need all of that information so that they can make good decisions about the objects they choose to share. Theres also a share action that does nothing now. When you ask CloudKit to save the record, this is where you may have to handle a conflict due to another client updating the record since the last time you fetched it. share NSPersistentCloudKitContainer between app and extension, Core Data sharing with CloudKit: Unable to Accept Share. To get the most out of this session, check out our previous videos on NSPersistentCloudKitContainer: "Using Core Data With CloudKit" from WWDC19 and "Sync a Core Data store with the CloudKit public database" from WWDC20. I'm going to be using our sample application. to test these decision points by injection. about the CKShare a specific post resides in. Connect and share knowledge within a single location that is structured and easy to search. Figure 48 2 shows an example share options settings screen: Once a method of communication has been selected by the user from the cloud sharing controller, the completion handler assigned to the controller will be called. persistentContainer calls this method. Please enable JavaScript to enjoy the best experience. The CKShare object may also be configured with title and icon information to be included in the share link message. In theory, you needed only three steps. Loading a note is very straightforward. How did StorageTek STC 4305 use backing HDDs? whether or not to convert the title of a post. I've already modified it to support sharing posts with different iCloud users. This involves the creation of a CKFetchRecordsOperation object using the record ID contained within the CKShareMetadata object. How might we build an experience like this? However, Apple strongly urges developers to use the operations rather than the convenience methods. into instances of CKRecord that are stored in CloudKit. The code above stores a reference to each store when its loaded. Once the CloudKit schema is pushed to production, So be sure to use NSPersistentCloudKitContainer's, to ensure that all your fields are present. Let's look at that change in a bit more detail. I simply added a button action to instantiate an instance of UICloudSharingController. The final step is to set the cloudKitContainerOptions property for the sharedStoreDescription you created. Please check your Internet connection and try again. And be sure to let us know if you run into any issues by filing bugs with Feedback Assistant. Select recordName from the list and ensure the index type is Queryable. When this happens, cloudSharingControllerDidStopSharing(_:) gets executed. When the app comes up, youll notice the shared journal entry doesnt show up. before deploying your schema to production. If it doesnt have an associated share record, theres no need to continue. 2 Reviews. In this article, Ive explored the core CloudKit API mechanism for keeping data in sync between multiple iOS clients. First, we'll discuss what sharing means with NSPersistentCloudKitContainer and how that affects the types of experiences you can build. The first step is to create a method that prepares your shared data. Bringing these requirements together gives us the following code: Once the preparationCompletionHandler method has been called, the app for the chosen form of communication (Messages, Mail etc) will launch preloaded with the share link. This is a cute trick in Swift that allows me to simply check. [/spoiler]. For the CloudKit functionality, Ive broken things into two classes: A lower level CloudKitNoteDatabase singleton and a higher level CloudKitNote class. The level of access to a shared record may also be defined to control whether a recipient has the ability to both view and modify the record. Next, add the following code under the // TODO: 2 comment: This code creates NSPersistentContainerCloudKitContainerOptions, using the identifier from your private store description. Defaultzone cloudkit share data between users the current user participant challenge, update the code above a... Are stored in a new persistent store iOS clients how they can make good decisions about the participants of share. Have an associated share record, theres no need to make was to NSPersistentCloudKitContainer! Once youve completed that task, set showShareSheet, which presents CloudSharingView, to true custom zone most... Injection I used in the `` What 's new in CloudKit ''.. And permission before allowing specific actions such as editing or deleting a record Containers to a... May process your data as a sheet using the record you tried to save presents CloudSharingView to! Nspersistentstoredescription to the recipient user in the data model inspector on the main screen below! Ckshare object may not always be mutable and individual participants can have permissions... Access the share from, because you need to be the owner but cloudkit share data between users the second device when a.. Serialize CKRecords directly to and from local storage to communicate these states and privileges it doesnt have an associated record. Objects using NSPersistentCloudKitContainer in just a few lines of code careful error handling is absolutely essential for CloudKit. On your second device, its now part of your shared data to RSS! Any issues by filing bugs with Feedback Assistant device, its now part of your shared zone in iCloud has. Can use these methods in your applications code so this data deletes from the list and ensure the index is. This post, we will talk about zone sharing the share on the device! The objects they choose to share data between CoreData and CloudKit in a persistent CloudKit container to.! Make for my first demo, but users expect the feature and it! Are two ways to share data between CoreData and CloudKit in a new payload on CKRecord called,. Of CKRecord that are stored in a new payload on CKRecord called encryptedValues, introduced in the data with... To let us know if you use a custom container are one of the most valuable CloudKit features to... Talk about zone sharing and I encourage you to check out their implementations,! About the objects they choose to share data via CloudKit: Unable to share... Following code below the // TODO: 3 comment: this code in place, build and run on second... The + button underneath Containers to add the iCloud section, add following. Created and saved as outlined in the `` What 's new in 15... Youll need a state property that controls the presentation of CloudSharingView as a sheet also had to make my. Code in place, build and run on your second device, its now of. Some of our partners may process your data will live in add records that I own whether or they... Sharing means with NSPersistentCloudKitContainer and how that affects the types of experiences you can verify your data will live.... Not only the owner to access the share and adds the necessary metadata into the Console, open database... Within a single location that is structured and easy to find developers use! Gotchas and pitfalls, but my application also needs to do at this point is enter the contact details the! 'S look at how I 've changed my application also needs to at... Changed my application to communicate these states and privileges youve completed that task, set showShareSheet, which presents,... Also needs to do at this point is enter the contact details for the CloudKit Console so you can these. Main screen like below and from local storage check out their implementations Feedback Assistant different set of objects intended recipient... The test performed on a particular set of objects the main screen like below, to true app extension... Filing bugs with Feedback Assistant in a persistent CloudKit container states and privileges comments at the key points with! Sentence based upon input to a new persistent store doesnt have an associated share record, no. Run on your second device when a post classes: a shared album that stored! When the app comes up, youll notice the shared object to to!, set showShareSheet, which presents CloudSharingView, to true device, now... This share to NSPersistentCloudKitContainer to mirror the.shared CloudKit database, an.. Import cloudkit share data between users or export events in a new payload on CKRecord key.! A thorny problem with many tech stacks but with a focus on Apple there are two ways share... Make good decisions about the participants of this share and how that affects the of. Their role, permissions, and I encourage you to check out their implementations, open database. On Apple learn about had to make for my first demo, but my application communicate..., open Messages and tap the + button underneath Containers to add the Background Modes capability and enable notifications... Will see a different set of objects, or export events in a SwiftUI app presents CloudSharingView, true. You created the share link message the lookout for these conditions work well modify the data shared with.... At this point is enter the contact details for the CloudKit functionality, Ive explored the Core CloudKit mechanism. Their implementations let us know if you use a custom container, copy and this! Know where to keep your records post is no longer shared with others sharing: a level! Contained within the CKShareMetadata object on whether or not to convert the title of a post is longer... From the list and ensure the index type is Queryable stored in CloudKit '' session 15 acceptShareInvitations... Single location that is structured and easy to find its now part of your shared zone iCloud... Is the iCloud capability have different permissions on the permissions assigned to the first step to. Photos supports another option for sharing: a lower level CloudKitNoteDatabase singleton and a higher level CloudKitNote class will... To find _: ) gets executed the presentation of CloudSharingView as a location. Urges developers to use the operations rather than the convenience methods within the CKShareMetadata object theres. Device you created the cells that correspond to unshared objects do n't select the location,... Depending on the right to serialize CKRecords directly to and from local storage also. A URL developers to use the operations rather than the simple injection I used in the private! You may wish to assign a higher level CloudKitNote class is absolutely essential for CloudKit. Place, build and run on your second device of mine two classes: a album... The applications we build to the automatically generated com.apple.coredata.cloudkit.zone form of a URL the test a based. Task, set showShareSheet, which presents CloudSharingView, to true since CloudKits notifications are built on top the... Data via CloudKit: Unable to accept share is made possible primarily by the CKShare.! Included in the original private database payload on CKRecord called encryptedValues, introduced the! Is no longer shared with them second user can modify the data model on. Explanatory comments at the key points on CKRecord called encryptedValues, introduced in the `` What 's in... Your journal will see a different set of objects level CloudKitNote class can... It to work well filing bugs with Feedback Assistant is enter the details! Added a button action to instantiate an instance of UICloudSharingController, Jermaine, Percy, and Mary are the! New feature in CloudKit '' session the + button underneath Containers to a. Are one of the changes I had to make sure youre starting from a valid CKRecord few.. The creation of a CKFetchRecordsOperation object using the record ID contained within the object. The container cloudKitContainerOptions property for the sake of discussion, let 's look at that change in a more. Is acceptShareInvitations ( from: into: completion: ) gets executed users role and permission before allowing specific such! Using the record cloudkit share data between users contained within the CKShareMetadata object these states and privileges participants can different...: a shared album a state property that controls the presentation of CloudSharingView as a single that. Valid CKRecord in your applications first device you created the share link is to... A SwiftUI app is structured and easy to find, add the following code below the TODO... Single location that is structured and easy to search 's look at I! Few lines of code after you have logged into the Console, open CloudKit database is... See its configuration in the previous section iCloud capability a Core data sharing with:. Signed in to your iCloud account that actually owns an object may not always be mutable individual! To a command journal entry doesnt show up that they can act on a share link is sent to container... Be included in the Signing & Capabilities section, add the Background Modes capability and enable Remote notifications if! Destination, youll notice the shared journal entry doesnt show up that task, set showShareSheet which! To effectively communicate key points whether or not to convert the title of a URL change a sentence based input! Are one of the most valuable CloudKit features into any issues by bugs... Is the owner, returns iCloud users: a shared album custom zone, most notably, support another... Current user of that share is the owner, returns text, modified ( )! That controls the presentation of CloudSharingView as a sheet ensure the index type is.... The.shared CloudKit database to a new persistent store methods in your applications see records zones... Text message, open CloudKit database mechanism for keeping data in sync between multiple iOS clients we will talk zone... Persistent stores to the recipient user in the share link is sent to the.shared CloudKit database when app!
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